The proverbial guarantee of a moratorium on adolescence, as time that is granted to the adolescent becoming an adult, can no longer be proposed in today’s society due to economic and anthropological reasons: adolescence tends to continue and at last dissolves in the adult period without interruption. The Author – however – emphasizes that adolescence in psychoanalysis is considered as a period of evolutionary crisis and personality restructuring. The phenomenological complexity of adolescent behaviors is justified by the task to find integration between intrapsychic processes and social interaction. First of all, the whole process requests the intrapsychic conflict management: maturation of primary and secondary autonomy apparatuses – in the Psychology of the Ego perspective – achievement of genital primacy, cognitive development that allows you to plan yourself and plan the future, all of these are destabilizing elements for the immature childish Ego still immersed in dreaded Oedipal castration and in the phantasmatic Self and Object destruction of the pre-Oedipal phase. The search for security and prompt response by a rigid Super-ego, reassuring but punitive too, must gradually make way for an Ideal of the Ego with realistic representations of the Self and the Object, that provides and supports new ideals, promotes autonomy, works as a self-esteem regulator. All this can trigger a conflict between the Super-Ego in transformation and the Ego that sees strengthen its control possibilities over anguish and the most painful affections such as shame, anger, guilt, transforming them into signal-affections. It’s no coincidence that specific defenses, such as intellectualism and mysticism, tend to be established. Sociality, as the peer group or the attendance of adults outside the family circle, plays a prominent role in providing nourishment to the new structures in formation and in facilitating a conflict balance: the group in fact offers protection and security but also comparison with others, a sense of belonging and the possibility to have a role or give expression to one’s talents, discharge libidinal and aggressive energies in a tolerable way, give support and increase self-esteem whose the Ideal of the Ego is the catalyst. The aim of this adaptive task is to achieve a stable and strengthen identity. The Ego that persists in the regressive search for super-egoic reassurances, close itself to group relations, does not accept to assume any specific role and withdraws into dependence rather than facing the anxieties connected with autonomous drives, invariably determines an evolutionary arrest and can progress towards behavioral pathology or negative identity. So, the need of a differential diagnosis is essential to allow – where possible – to overcome the obstacles getting in the way against a productive and rewording adolescent experience.